- CAS
- 593-84-0
- Form
- Hygroscopic solid
- Not the same as
- Guanidine hydrochloride, CAS 50-01-1
The guanidinium cation denatures proteins, including nucleases. The thiocyanate anion makes this salt a stronger chaotrope than the hydrochloride, which is why extraction protocols specify it. Catch-Chem quotes the solid.
What it is
Guanidine isothiocyanate (guanidine thiocyanate, GITC) combines a denaturing cation with a strongly chaotropic anion. It rapidly unfolds proteins, including RNases, and dissociates nucleoproteins, so RNA and DNA are released intact. It also promotes nucleic-acid binding to silica.
Where it is used
- RNA extraction: the classic Chomczynski-Sacchi lysis buffer uses about 4 M GITC with sodium citrate, sarkosyl and 2-mercaptoethanol.
- Phenol-based single-step reagents and silica spin-column lysis/binding buffers for DNA and RNA.
- Viral inactivation and sample-preservation media for molecular diagnostics.
- Combined with DTT, SDS or Proteinase K in extraction workflows on nucleic acids.
Handling tips
- Never mix GITC solutions or waste with bleach or acids; toxic gases, including hydrogen cyanide, can be released.
- The solid is hygroscopic. Weigh quickly and keep containers tightly closed.
- It is harmful by skin contact and ingestion; wear gloves and eye protection and work with good ventilation.
What to specify when ordering
- Purity and molecular-biology grade, including RNase testing if required.
- Solid or ready solution (for example 4 M or 6 M).
- Pack size.
Properties and storage
- Formula
- C2H6N4S
- Molecular weight
- 118.16
- Appearance
- White crystals, hygroscopic
- Solubility
- Very soluble in water (4–6 M in common use)
- Storage
- Room temperature, dry, dark; keep away from bleach (hypochlorite)
- Typical packs
- 100 g, 500 g, 1 kg
Typical literature values. The batch COA / SDS governs.
Before you inquire
Does thiocyanate alone inhibit nucleases?
The cation denatures the proteins. Thiocyanate is what strengthens the chaotrope.
Is GITC the same as guanidine hydrochloride?
No. Guanidine HCl (CAS 50-01-1) is weaker and mainly used for protein unfolding. GITC is the salt that extraction protocols specify for RNA.
What is the molecular weight?
About 118.16 g/mol. A 4 M solution needs roughly 47.3 g per 100 mL, and dissolving is slow and endothermic.
Pack sizes and catalogue numbers
CTH10207-1KG
Prices on request; lead time confirmed on the quotation.
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Send an inquiryFor research or industrial use only. Not for human or animal diagnosis or treatment, and not for drug or food use. Grade, pack size and lead time follow the supplier batch COA / SDS. Figures on this site are general industry references, not a factory specification.